No. Entering the United States with ESTA does not automatically make you eligible for a U.S. driver’s license.
Eligibility for an ESTA U.S. driver’s license depends on the rules of the state, the length of stay, and the documents the traveler can provide.
Because driver’s license requirements vary by state, ESTA travelers cannot assume that a U.S. driver’s license will be issued under the same conditions everywhere.
In many cases, short-term visitors drive using a valid driver’s license from their home country and an International Driving Permit instead of applying for a new U.S. license.
Therefore, if you need to drive in the United States, it is best to check the driver’s license rules of the state you plan to visit first.